While primarily recognized for his theological and philosophical insights, St. Thomas’ work laid the foundation for understanding the human person in a way that still holds relevance today. His approach to psychology emphasizes the integration of faith and reason, free will, and the importance of self-knowledge—concepts crucial for living a flourishing life.
At the core of Thomistic psychology is the understanding that humans are composites of both body and soul. St. Thomas Aquinas teaches that we are not simply souls inhabiting bodies or beings reduced to physical processes. Instead, we are an inseparable union of material and spiritual principles. This integrated approach allows for a fuller, more nuanced understanding of the human person in psychological terms.
A central tenet of Thomistic psychology is the notion of free will. According to St. Thomas, humans are rational beings with the capacity to make choices. We are not simply driven by biology or external forces; instead, we have the ability—and responsibility—to align our thoughts and actions with what is true, good, and beautiful.
Psychological struggles, such as anxiety, depression, or addiction, often arise when we stray from this alignment, when our will is disordered or disconnected from reality. These difficulties occur when we fail to live in accordance with our true nature. Thomistic psychology encourages the pursuit of self-knowledge, helping us better understand our intellect and will. By cultivating this self-awareness and shaping our desires around the good, we not only improve our mental health but also grow in holiness, bringing our lives into greater harmony with God’s design.
A metaphor St. Thomas might use is that of a fish in water. The fish may seem limited by its environment, but it can only thrive in the water, where it was designed to live. Similarly, human beings cannot flourish when we stray from our true nature. We are most fulfilled when our lives are in alignment with the truth and goodness of reality, guided by the integration of body and soul, reason, and faith.
Spend time learning about St. Thomas' view of human nature—combining body and soul, faith and reason— and you will find yourself growing in you sense of self and mental health.
St. Thomas, pray for us.
To understand psychology... you need to understand St. Thomas Aquinas
